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application/pdfWomen in the Informal Sector: Home-based Workers inKarachiThe exceedingly low official estimates of female labour forceparticipation rates (which range from 3 percent in the 1981 Census to 11percent in the Labour Force Survey 1986-87) are known to omit a largedegree of employment of women in informal sector jobs. Underestimationof female employment tends to be particularly high in case of womenworking in their homes who are (a) unlikely to admit to working forremuneration and (b) unlikely to be located in labour force surveys orcensuses with male enumerators. These home-based workers are thought tocomprise a large proportion of the "hidden" female labour force inPakistan and their study becomes a most interesting supplement toexisting official statistics. The study of home-based workers is basedon the findings of a survey of 1000 married women undertaken in Karachiin 1987. The sample of 680 working and 320 non-working women covered awhole range of social and income classes. 1 Among the 680 working womenwas included the sub-sample of 470 low income working women of which 247were home-based workers. Combined information on women and theirhouseholds were collected through a faidy lengthy questionnaire: theinterview schedule comprised questions on earnings, ethnic affiliation,education, age, sex and occupation of all household members, division ofdomestic responsibilities, and employment histories of individual women.Specially trained female enumerators were employed to explore theincome-earning activities of women in each household even where theremay be initial reluctance to admit that female members do any work forremuneration.
Acrobat 5.0 Scan Plug-in for Windows; modified using iTextSharp 4.1.6 by 1T3XTWinter 1989,Vol. 28, No.4 Part II
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